常用句型
1. ...... is a global pollutant due to ......
......是一种全球性的污染物，由于...
2. Quality control and assurance measurements for all analytes were performed using method blanks, triplicates, and certified reference material.
所有样品的质量控制均采用方法空白、三组平行和标准样品空白。
3. There was no statistically significant difference of ... concentration between ... and ...
...和...的浓度在统计学上没有显著差异。
4. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that ...
我们的结果强烈支持以下假设...
5. The negative relationship between ... and ... has been well established through abundant field studies and experiments.
…和…之间成负相关关系，通过大量的研究和实验已经确立了良好的基础。
6. …, as a new type of pollutants, are ubiquitous in the environment.
…作为一种新型污染物，在环境中无处不在。
7. It was observed that … from … could be released into the environment and exist for a long time.
据观察,从…到...释放到环境中并存在很长时间。
8. The first time they proposed … as new environmental pollutants in 2006.
在2006年，…被首次提议作为新污染物
9. Among them, … can have both economic and social benefits and has become one of the main technologies for … and … and for ….
其中，...可以兼具经济效益和社会效益，对于…，已成为...和…
10. This study evaluated the … performance of … and ….
这项研究评估了...和...的性能
11. Limited knowledge on the occurrence and eco-impacts of…beyond…understandingon their toxicology and health risks.
对…以外的…的发生和生态影响了解有限，阻碍了对其毒理学和健康风险的理解
12. In natural water, the elimination of … is revealed to mostly attribute to bacterial biodegradation.
在自然水体中，…的消除主要归因于细菌的生物降解.
13. Overall, we propose that the prevalence, dynamics and eco-impacts of … should be considered as a crucial consequence of … and deserve oriented surveillance and investigation in future to address their ecological roles in ecosystems like ….
总之，…的流行、动态和生态影响是…的重要后果，值得在未来进行定向监测和调查，以解决它们在…等生态系统中的生态作用。
14. In the past decades, many efforts have been paid to explore the … degrading bacterial population and their related metabolically functional genes by … and … methods.
在过去的几十年里，人们一直在努力通过…和…的方法来探索…降解细菌种群及其相关的代谢功能基因。
15. Since ... first reported that sth, sth have drawn considerable attention.
自……最先报道的sth, sth引起了相当多的关注
16. Recent studies on sth have shown that ... However, the mechanism of ... in ... remains unclear.
最近对某事的研究表明……然而，……在…仍不清楚。
17. To understand the sth, the objectives were to...
为了理解某事物，目标是……
18. Environmental contamination has always been public concern, particularly water pollution.
环境污染一直是公众关注的焦点，尤其是水污染。
19. … may introduce chances for offering prospective solutions to tackle water pollution issue.
…可能为解决水污染问题提供有前景的解决方案。
20. Chemical industries with their rapid growth have increasingly created nuisances for living beings and the environment.
化学工业的快速发展给生物和环境带来了越来越多的危害。
21. Heavy metal pollution is a global environmental problem, especially in the developing countries, which is caused by increasing industrial and agricultural activities as well as the improper release of metal ions from wastewater and domestic effluents.
重金属污染是一个全球性的环境问题，特别是在发展中国家，其原因是工业和农业活动的增加以及废水和生活污水中金属离子的不当释放。
22. The rapid development in industrial, agricultural, and pharmaceutical sectors has led to the concomitant rise in environmental pollution, amongst which water pollution has become significantly intractable.
工业、农业和医药行业的快速发展导致了环境污染的增加，其中水污染已经成为一个非常棘手的问题。
23. Apart from the environmental concerns, oily wastewater will need to save a huge amount of clean water, which becomes increasingly and alarmingly scarce to cater the need.
除了环境问题外，含油废水还需要节约大量的清洁用水，而为了满足这种需求，清洁用水变得越来越稀缺，令人担忧
24. We build several different models to address these issues and to improve ... for the benefit of ...
我们建立了几个不同的模型来解决这些问题，并改进……为了……的利益。
25. Our experimental data are briefly summarized as follows ...
我们的实验数据简要总结如下…
26. These results provide substantial evidence for the original assumptions.
这些结果为最初的假设提供了实质性的证据。
27. On the basis of ... the following conclusion can be made ...
基于…可以得出以下结论…
常用短语或词语
1. all pollutant emissions units 一切排污单位
2. polluted water emission 污水排放量
3. waste water 污水
4. existing enterprises现有企业
5. new enterprises新建企业
6. emission pipe height排气筒高度
7. emission concentration of air pollutant大气污染物排放浓度
8. maximum acceptable emission concentration 最高允许排放浓度
9. fugitive emission 无组织排放
10. maximum acceptable emission rate 最高允许排放速率
11. Land resources 土地资源
12. Land productivity 土地生产力
13. Cultivated land protection 耕地保护
14. Cultivated land requisition-compensation balance 耕地占补平衡
15. Soil health 土壤健康
16. Soil fertility 土壤肥力
17. Soil improvement 土壤改良
18. Land consolidation 土地整治/土地整理
19. Land development 土地开发
20. Land reclamation 土地复垦
21. Comprehensive improvement of land 土地综合整治
22. Urban renewal 城市更新
23. High-standard farmland 高标准农田
24. Mine ecological environment restoration 矿山生态修复
25. Karst rocky desertification 喀斯特石漠化
26. Comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification 石漠化综合治理
27. Soil and water loss control 水土流失防治
28. Eco-clean small watershed 生态清洁型小流域
29. Life community of mountains-rivers-forests-farmlands-lakes-grassland 山水林田湖草生命共同体
30. Ecological security barrier 生态安全屏障
31. Wastewater treatment污水处理
32. Heavy metal removal重金属去除
33. Oil contaminated water含油废水
34. Rural domestic sewage农村污水
35. Integrated treatment technologies综合处理技术
矿山灾害常用词汇或短语
1 | mine ventilation 矿井通风 | 11 | old working 老采空区 | 21 | development entry 开拓巷道 |
2 | coal and gas outburst 煤与瓦斯突出 | 12 | be enclosed in 密封在……中 | 22 | mine resistance 矿井（通风）阻力 |
3 | periodic roof weighting 顶板周期来压 | 13 | in conjunction with 和……一起 | 23 | natural-draft 自然通风 |
4 | natural drainage 自然排放 | 14 | gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸 | 24 | pit-bottom 井底车场 |
5 | web width 工作面推进距离 | 15 | coal seam gas extraction 煤层瓦斯抽采 | 25 | setup room 开切眼 |
6 | mine fire 矿井火灾 | 16 | mine gas 矿井瓦斯 | 26 | deep exploitation 深部开采 |
7 | rock fall 岩石冒落 | 17 | rib 煤壁 | 27 | hydraulic fracturing 水力压裂 |
8 | mineral exploitation 矿产开采 | 18 | mining-induced stress 采动应力 | 28 | impact loading 冲击载荷 |
9 | air leakage 漏风 | 19 | working areas 采区 | 29 | protection devices 保护装置 |
10 | monitoring point 监测点 | 20 | emergency plan 应急预案 | 30 | coal resource 煤炭资源 |
表达句型及常用表述
引言、绪论
1、The practicable development of mineral resources cannot effectively alleviate the supply of energy, but also substantially improve mining conditions in coal mines.
矿产资源的切实开发不仅可以有效缓解能源供应，而且可以大幅度改善煤矿的开采条件。
2、Coals are typically weak rocks and preventing coal failure during production, particularly in *** is a challenging task.
煤是典型的弱岩，在生产过程中防止煤破坏是一项具有挑战性的任务，特别是在***方面。
3、Due to the low-carbon policy, the proportion of coal consumption is decreasing year by year. Still, the status of coal as the primary energy source will not change for the long-term, and it will continue to bear the critical responsibility of sustainable healthy development and national energy security of the economic.
由于低碳政策，煤炭消费的比例正在逐年下降。然而，煤炭作为一次能源的地位在长期内不会改变，它将继续承担经济可持续健康发展和国家能源安全的关键责任。
4、Underground coal seam occurrence and mining conditions are complex, and gas content is generally high. With the increase of mining depth, the in situ stress, gas pressure, and content increase significantly, so threatens of dynamic disasters increases, e.g., coal and gas outbursts.
地下煤层赋存和开采条件复杂，瓦斯含量普遍较高。随着开采深度的增加，地应力、瓦斯压力和含量显著增加，煤与瓦斯突出等动态灾害的威胁也随之增加。
5、As one of the three major fossil fuels, coal has always played an important part in China’s energy structure, and is an important energy source to promote the rapid development of society. However, it has been recognized that China has suffered the largest number, the largest scale, and the most serious losses of life in coal and gas outburst disasters in the world.
煤炭作为三大化石燃料之一，在中国能源结构中一直占有重要地位，是推动社会快速发展的重要能源。然而，中国是世界上遭受煤与瓦斯突出灾害数量最多、规模最大、人员伤亡最严重的国家。
6、The mining depths of the coal mines in China are increasing at a rate of 8–12 m per year. Consequently, *** in the coal seams strengthen, while *** of the coal seams weakens. Coal and gas outburst accidents are more likely to occur, seriously affecting safe production in coal mines.
中国煤矿的开采深度正以每年8-12米的速度增加。因此，煤层中***增强，煤层***减弱。煤与瓦斯突出事故多发，严重影响煤矿安全生产。
7、In gassy underground and spontaneous combustion prone coal mines, *** is a challenging task to reduce the risks of gas explosion and spontaneous combustion to acceptable levels.
在地下瓦斯和自燃易发煤矿，如何将瓦斯爆炸和自燃风险降低到可接受的水平，是***的一项艰巨任务。
8、Due to the extensively existed blasting operation, mechanized construction as well as seismic oscillation, rock engineering disasters often involve rock responses to ***.
由于爆破作业、机械化施工以及地震振荡的广泛存在，岩石工程灾害往往涉及到岩石对***的响应。
9、Methane is a major gaseous constituent of coal seams, which is released during mining and can result in unsafe working conditions, and methane is explosive in the range of approximately 5–15% in air.
甲烷是煤层的主要气体成分，在开采过程中释放出来，会导致不安全的工作条件，且甲烷在空气中约5-15%的范围内具有爆炸性。
试验方法及结果分析表述
10、In this paper, a series of experiments were used to ***, which intend to mimic ***. Experimental results show that ***.
为了模拟***，本文通过一系列试验研究了***。实验结果表明***。
11. To begin this process ***. The first step in this process was to ***. The second method used to measure *** involved ***.
要开始此过程（实验）。第一步是***。第二种用于观测***的方法是***。
该句式可用于描述实验步骤或现象。
结论部分表述
12、This study suggests the significance of *** and presents a new method to accurately evaluate the effectiveness of ***.
该研究揭示了***的重要性，为准确评价***的效果提供了一种新方法。
13、This essay has discussed the reasons for ***
本文讨论了**的机理。
贵公网安备
52011102002446号